248 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
248 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
# Python之绘制个人足迹地图
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
前两年,足迹地图小程序风靡朋友圈,一时间大家都流行晒自己的旅行地图。但是,笔者最近体验了好几款足迹地图的小程序,发现这些小程序虽然号称是足迹地图,但最多只是展示到省级别,无法精确到市级别,因此,笔者周末花了点时间,用Python来绘制自己的个人足迹地图,可以精确到市级别。
|
||
下面的部分,笔者将介绍如何简单地来绘制个人足迹地图。
|
||
首先我们需要安装以下Python的第三方模块:
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
echarts-china-cities-pypkg==0.0.9
|
||
echarts-china-provinces-pypkg==0.0.3
|
||
pyecharts==1.6.2
|
||
PyYAML==5.3.1
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
本项目的完整结构如下:
|
||
|
||
![完整的项目结构](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200531105908178.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2pjbGlhbjkx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
|
||
|
||
我们在项目中采用YAML文件来配置自己旅行过的省以及省下面的市,笔者的配置文件如下:
|
||
|
||
```tcl
|
||
北京:
|
||
- 延庆区
|
||
- 昌平区
|
||
- 海淀区
|
||
- 东城区
|
||
- 西城区
|
||
- 大兴区
|
||
- 朝阳区
|
||
上海:
|
||
- 嘉定区
|
||
- 青浦区
|
||
- 松江区
|
||
- 宝山区
|
||
- 闵行区
|
||
- 奉贤区
|
||
- 浦东新区
|
||
- 崇明区
|
||
- 徐汇区
|
||
- 黄浦区
|
||
- 静安区
|
||
- 杨浦区
|
||
- 虹口区
|
||
- 金山区
|
||
- 长宁区
|
||
- 普陀区
|
||
天津:
|
||
- 滨海新区
|
||
- 南开区
|
||
- 河西区
|
||
- 和平区
|
||
河北:
|
||
- 保定市
|
||
- 廊坊市
|
||
山东:
|
||
- 烟台市
|
||
- 青岛市
|
||
江苏:
|
||
- 南京市
|
||
- 苏州市
|
||
- 扬州市
|
||
- 镇江市
|
||
- 无锡市
|
||
浙江:
|
||
- 杭州市
|
||
- 绍兴市
|
||
- 宁波市
|
||
- 舟山市
|
||
- 湖州市
|
||
- 嘉兴市
|
||
- 台州市
|
||
- 金华市
|
||
江西:
|
||
- 南昌市
|
||
- 九江市
|
||
安徽:
|
||
- 黄山市
|
||
湖北:
|
||
- 武汉市
|
||
湖南:
|
||
- 长沙市
|
||
海南:
|
||
- 海口市
|
||
- 三亚市
|
||
四川:
|
||
- 成都市
|
||
广东:
|
||
- 湛江市
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
接着我们利用Python脚本来生成足迹地图。先是全国地图,用于显示省和直辖市的情况,`china_map.py`的代码如下:
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
|
||
# author: Jclian91
|
||
# place: Pudong Shanghai
|
||
# time: 2020/5/31 9:21 上午
|
||
# 绘制个人足迹地图:全国范围
|
||
import yaml
|
||
from pyecharts.charts import Map
|
||
from pyecharts import options as opts
|
||
|
||
# 省和直辖市
|
||
with open("travel_config.yml", 'r', encoding='utf-8') as ymlfile:
|
||
province_city_dict = yaml.safe_load(ymlfile)
|
||
|
||
province_dict = dict(zip(province_city_dict.keys(), [1]*len(province_city_dict.keys())))
|
||
print(province_dict)
|
||
|
||
# maptype='china' 只显示全国直辖市和省级
|
||
map = Map(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width='1200px', height='800px'))
|
||
map.set_global_opts(
|
||
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="个人足迹地图"),
|
||
visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(max_=1, is_piecewise=True,
|
||
pieces=[
|
||
{"max": 1, "min": 1, "label": "去过", "color": "#4EA397"},
|
||
{"max": 0, "min": 0, "label": "未去过", "color": "#FFFFFF"},
|
||
]) #最大数据范围,分段
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
map.add("个人足迹地图", data_pair=province_dict.items(), maptype="china", is_roam=True)
|
||
map.render('全国.html')
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
运行上述脚本,会生成`全国.html`。为了保证图片居中显示,我们对该HTML中的下面一行:
|
||
|
||
```html
|
||
<div
|
||
id="a438407081634ceab6af1c965034ae16"
|
||
class="chart-container"
|
||
style="width:1200px; height:800px;">
|
||
</div>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
的样式(style)增加如下内容:
|
||
|
||
```html
|
||
margin:auto;top:30px
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
全国范围的足迹地图效果图如下:
|
||
|
||
![个人足迹地图——全国](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200531110511512.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2pjbGlhbjkx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center)
|
||
|
||
接着,我们来生成每个省市的足迹地图,利用`province_map.py`脚本,代码如下:
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
|
||
# author: Jclian91
|
||
# place: Pudong Shanghai
|
||
# time: 2020/5/31 10:01 上午
|
||
# 绘制个人足迹地图:省市范围
|
||
import yaml
|
||
from pyecharts.charts import Map
|
||
from pyecharts import options as opts
|
||
|
||
# 省和直辖市下面的市
|
||
with open("travel_config.yml", 'r', encoding='utf-8') as ymlfile:
|
||
province_city_dict = yaml.safe_load(ymlfile)
|
||
|
||
|
||
for province, cities in province_city_dict.items():
|
||
|
||
map = Map(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width='1200px', height='800px'))
|
||
map.set_global_opts(
|
||
title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="个人足迹地图-%s" % province),
|
||
visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(max_=1, is_piecewise=True,
|
||
pieces=[
|
||
{"max": 1, "min": 1, "label": "去过", "color": "#4EA397"},
|
||
{"max": 0, "min": 0, "label": "未去过", "color": "#FFFFFF"},
|
||
]) #最大数据范围,分段
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
city_dict = dict(zip(cities, [1]*len(cities)))
|
||
map.add("个人足迹地图-%s" % province, data_pair=city_dict.items(), maptype=province, is_roam=True)
|
||
map.render('./provinces/%s.html' % province)
|
||
print("生成个人足迹地图-%s 成功" % province)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
这时,会在`provinces`目录下生成每个省或者直辖市的足迹地图,我们分别对每个HTML进行修改,保证图片居中。我们在这里只展示三个省市的情况:
|
||
|
||
![个人足迹地区——海南](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200531110800239.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2pjbGlhbjkx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center)
|
||
|
||
![个人足迹地图——江苏](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200531110819229.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2pjbGlhbjkx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center)
|
||
|
||
![个人足迹地图——浙江](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200531110836218.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2pjbGlhbjkx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center)
|
||
|
||
最后一步,也是最为关键的一步,就是我们要打通全国足迹地图和每个省市足迹地图的联系,也就是说,我们点击全国足迹地图上去过的省份,那么可以点击进去查看该省市下的足迹地图情况,比如说去过哪些市。
|
||
对此,我们修改生成的全国.html文件,假设该地图的图像句柄为chart_a438407081634ceab6af1c965034ae16,那么在最后的<script>对中添加内容如下:(确保点击去过的省份,可以查看该省市的足迹地图)
|
||
|
||
```html
|
||
chart_a438407081634ceab6af1c965034ae16.on('click', function (param){
|
||
var selected = param.name;
|
||
if (selected) {
|
||
switch(selected){
|
||
case '北京':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/北京.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '上海':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/上海.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '天津':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/天津.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '四川':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/四川.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '安徽':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/安徽.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '山东':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/山东.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '江苏':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/江苏.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '江西':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/江西.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '河北':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/河北.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '浙江':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/浙江.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '海南':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/海南.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '湖北':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/湖北.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '湖南':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/湖南.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
case '广东':
|
||
location.href = "provinces/广东.html";
|
||
break;
|
||
default:
|
||
break;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|